Jesus also said to them, “Truly I tell you that you who have followed Me, when the Son of Man at the second coming sits on the throne of His glory, you also will sit on twelve thrones to judge the twelve tribes of Israel.”
In this verse Jesus answers Peter’s question, promising the apostles a special honor and role in the coming re-created world. “The regeneration” (Gk. palingenesia) refers to the future renewal of the world, when Jesus will reign in his glory. At that time the disciples also will be glorified, sitting “on twelve thrones” to “judge” the twelve tribes of Israel. This means that they will have spiritual leadership and delegated authority during Christ’s kingdom. With these words Jesus assures them that leaving everything and following him will not be in vain, but will be rewarded with an eternal reward.